Improvement in machines for cutting dovetails



1 4Sheets-Sheet1! M. F. BAHSE & P. E. HAENDEL.

MACHINES FOR CUTTING DOVETAILS. No.181,897. Patented Se'pt.5,1876.

MPETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPMER. WASHINGTON. D Cv 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

M. F.- BAHSE & P. E. HAENIDEL.

. MACHINES FOR CUTTING DOVETAILS. N 181,397, Patented Sept.-5, 1876.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

M. F; BAHSE & P. E. HAENDEL.

MACHINES FOR CUTTINGDOV'ETAILS.

N 13\1,897, Patented Sept. 5,1876.

v 1 4Sheets-Sheet4.

M. F. BAHSE-& P. E. HAENDEL.

MACHINES FOR cuwwme novsmu s. Nu 1'81,897, Patented Sept. 5; 1876.

.FETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D C.

To. all whom tt'may'conoernr D I 1 .Be it known'that we, MORITZ EBAHS'E and PAUL E. .HAENDEL', of Ghemnitz, Kingdom! of: Saxony, have inventedce'rtain Improve- 1 ments in. Machines for Cutting Dovetails', of

: drawings, in which-:thesaws are shown in position for cuttingsdovetail grooves,= A is the horizontal .table for; holding/the; wood towbei out, which is held down by the screw-stems B:passingthrough the transverse beam G;connected tonthe table. 1.; As ,willbe seenqonreference: toF-igL 9, this .tableisjsupported byrollersarranged to traverselongitudinalways on-the MORITZYF. BAHSE, AND PAUL EHAENDEL, oirl' 1 3 |MPRVEMENT NMA NE "Fi Ri urrmfe;nova/ imsy:

Specification forming part Letters-Batent No. 158L89 s nberiks, i Q. i F r Ma. ;;,1s76.,.-j-

which the-following is a specification;-

Themain object-of our: inventionjis toisoi construct a machine 'for'cutting dovetailcdf grooves that the latter maybe cutv tapering f longitudinally, and this ob ect. we! attain in f the manner which we will now proceed to'i'describe, referenceibeirig had to theaccompany- 1 ing drawing, in whicha- Y Figures 1 to 7 are diagrams illustrating our invention; Fig. 8, Sheet 2, a side View of a portion of our improved dovetailingmachine; Fig. 9, Sheet 3, a transverse vertical section; and Fig. 10, Sheet 4, a plan View, partly in section.

In order to more fully understand the principle on which our machine operates it will be necessary to refer to the diagrams on Sheet 1 of the drawings. It the frustum of a cone, a b c d, turning on its axis 'i f, be provided on its periphery with cutting-edges it will cut an oblique groove in a board, A, for instance, presented to its cutting surface. By presenting to the board a second revolving cutter-of the same character, but inclined in the opposite direction, as shown in dotted lines, it will be evident that a complete dovetailed groove will be the result. Itis on this principle that the machine patented by Jones and Carter, August 20, 1864, operates; but cutters of this character are expensive and need constant repair. This objection could be overcome by forming the tool as shown in Fig. 2; but such a cutter is objectionable, as it is apt to tear the wood. Both these objections have been overcome by cutting a plate on the plane b o of the frustum, thus forming a drunken saw, the outline of which is an ellipse, and whose axis does not pass through the center of the saw. It will be evident thata saw of this character will cut to the same extent as the whole frus'tum,

' and in the same way two saws are required to complete the dovetail groove.

Having thus explained the definite princifiaanzaxom- Q I fple-on whichit is preterable to'construct the drunken or wabbling saw,-we Wilhproceedto describe. our improvements-before mentioned. Referring to Figs;.'8', 19, andlO, onSheets 2, 3, and: 4,Jrespectively,1 of the accompanying frame of the machine, and it may be moved simply by hand, or may be operated by rack a and pinions (l d from the wheel D, Fig. 8. In the center of the table there is a longitudinal slot, a, through which the saws project, as seen in Fig. 9. The saws and their spindles h h, which may be driven by belting from a suitable driving-shaft (not shown in the drawing) turn in head-stocks H H, which are swiveled to movable saddles, as will 'be explained hereafter.

When the saws and head-stocks have been adjustedv to the required angle they are secured in position by nuts and bolts, which pass through segmental slots in the said headstocks. The wood being clamped on the table, and the saws set in motion, the table, with the lumber to be cut, is caused to move on the ways, and the desired groove is then formed.

The machine, as thus described, does not differ materially from those now in use; but our improvements consist in adjusting one or both head-stocks and saws laterally, so as to alter the width of the groove cut, as we will now describe.

The saddles G'G, to which the head-stocks H H are swiveled, are adapted to slide laterally on guides F F, Figs. 8 and 9, and are each secured by a bolt and nut, g, passing through a horizontal slot in the said guides, so that the head-stocks and saws may be moved laterally to the various positions required. The guides F are secured to brackets E, which can slide vertically on the frame of the machine, and are adjusted by the screws N and their wheels; hence the saws may be of each of the rods M M is a jaw, m, which embraces the guides N, secured to the movable table A. One or both of these guides N are adjusted laterally on the table to positions at angles in respect to the slot at corresponding to the taper desired to be imparted to the groove to be out. Then as the" table A travarses the. frame of the machine the inclined guide or guides move the saddles G G and saws laterally to a corresponding degree.

zhrough the medium'of the rods M M and L L, so that a groove of the desired taper is cut 0y the saws. Other means than the rods, &c., nay'be employed, however, as we do not desire to restrict ourselves to the precise devices shown. 1 1

Figs. 3, 4, 6, and 7, Sheet 1, illustrate different forms of grooves which may be'cut on this machine, and which do not require descripiZiOD. vFigs. 5* and 5 illustrate a mode of making ornamental grooves on theprinciple previously described. Acylinder is formed with its periphery turned to the form of the required molding, and an oblique plane, b c is is cut through this cylinder, as shown in Fig. 5 The outline thusobtained determinesthe outline of the saw, which is placed on its spindle in the same inclined position as the plane b c. Itwill be evident then that this saw will cut 'a molding or groove of the same character as if the entire cylinder were employed. 7 v

I claim as my invention 1. The combination of the head stocks H H, carrying the saws with the guides N, and mechanism, substantially as described, whereby the said saws may be moved laterally.

2. The within-described sawi for forming moldings,'having its outlinedetermined by cutting in an oblique plane through a cylinder'turned to the outline of the desired mold MORITZ FERDINAND BAHSE.

PAUL EDUARD HAENDEL.

Witnesses: i

ERNST LUDWIG KUNzE, CARLH. Mi'ILLER. 

